Sexual and Reproductive Health for All: twenty Years of The Global Strategy > 자유게시판

• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

Thirty years ago, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), held in Cairo, Egypt, underscored the right of all individuals to achieve the greatest standard of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). In 2004, WHO released a reproductive health method - ratified by 191 Member States at the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly - that strengthened the midpoint of SRHR to societies and economies (Resolution WHA57.12). These frameworks are grounded in gender equality and recognize the constant importance of sexual health in accomplishing health for all.

WHO researchers dealt with Member States, civil society and neighborhoods across all regions to operationalize a Global Strategy to cover the 5 crucial pillars for enhancing SRHR:

- improving antenatal, perinatal, postpartum and newborn care

- supplying household preparation services

- eliminating hazardous abortion

- fighting sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

- promoting sexual health.

Resolution WHA57.12 further informed SRHR policies and assisting files in a number of regions and Member States. For example, Latin America's 2013 Montevideo Consensus and Africa's Maputo Plan of Action from 2016 (structure upon the initial 2006 strategy) both consist of language and ideas strengthening and maintaining SRHR.

" The global strategy is the foundational policy document that centres WHO's required for sexual and reproductive health to date," said Dr Pascale Allotey, Director of the UN Special Programme on Human Reproduction (HRP) and WHO's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health. "The text remains crucial in adding to guiding research study concerns and dealing with countries to establish helpful resources to guarantee comprehensive SRHR throughout the life course."

Significant development has been made over the last 20 years within each of the 5 pillars, including these examples.

- The Global method came about as the world was reeling from the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Today, the variety of people acquiring HIV has actually fallen by 38% considering that 2010 alone, due in part to the Strategy's focus on eliminating STIs consisting of HIV.

- Since March 2022, 60% of WHO Member States have actually included the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) in their regular immunization schedules, considerably advancing efforts to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health threat.

- Prioritizing household planning services and contraception gain access to caused WHO's Family planning: an international handbook for suppliers recommendation guide, which has actually been shared over a million times. Accordingly, the proportion of females utilizing modern contraceptive techniques increased from 467 million in 1990 to 874 million in 2022, while a broader series of contraceptive alternatives is now available.


A 2020 research study discovered that there has been a worldwide decrease in unexpected pregnancy. Furthermore, evidence-based medical abortion regimens have actually improved global access to abortion, and over 60 countries have actually liberalized abortion laws in the past thirty years in line with proof on the value of such efforts to guarantee the health of ladies and teen ladies.

Professor Kate Gilmore, co-chair of the Gender and Human Rights Advisory Panel of HRP, credited the Strategy and WHO for assisting produce crucial clinical proof on SRHR that has added to some of these shifts. "Some of the terrific advances that we've seen - including the method civil society has actually taken up the cause to argue for access to safe and legal abortion - are because of the Strategy and the organized generation of evidence over these previous twenty years," she said.

Despite early gains, nevertheless, recent years have seen indications of stagnancy. From 2000 to 2020, the maternal death rate come by 34% worldwide - however a 2023 report found that progress has actually largely stalled considering that. The worrisome trend was illustrated during a current event showcasing global datasets on the evolution of SRHR since ICPD. High maternal death rates continue a couple of nations and sexual health issues, such as endometriosis, infertility and sexual erectile dysfunction, are frequently overlooked or normalized.

Dr Allotey and Dr Manjulaa Narasimhan, researcher at WHO and HRP, noted in a current commentary in the WHO Bulletin that the SRHR agenda stays unfinished and in some instances has fallen back due to geopolitical stress, economic downturns, the worldwide food crisis, environment change, humanitarian crises and COVID-19.

There are emerging chances to catalyse development - for example, by boosting human rights-based in SRHR and embedding concepts like non-discrimination, including in crisis circumstances. Improving health systems with a main health-care approach can improve equity and expand access to detailed SRHR services. New technologies and alternative service delivery techniques can improve SRHR by broadening gain access to, choice and autonomy.

Other future-looking focus areas within SRHR include research on the transformative role of expert system and ingenious contraception methods, more work on enhancing health systems, and the withstanding prioritization of favorable pregnancy and giving birth experiences.

At a wider level, Dr Allotey called for a continued emphasis on the fundamental significance of SRHR. "Sexual and reproductive health should never be relegated to the margins of healthcare, but recognized as important for the total wellness of people and the communities in which they live," she stated.