Sexual and Reproductive Health for All: 20 Years of The Global Strategy > 자유게시판

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Thirty years ago, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), kept in Cairo, Egypt, underscored the right of all individuals to accomplish the greatest requirement of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). In 2004, WHO published a reproductive health method - ratified by 191 Member States at the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly - that enhanced the midpoint of SRHR to societies and economies (Resolution WHA57.12). These frameworks are grounded in gender equality and acknowledge the imperishable importance of sexual health in achieving health for all.

WHO scientists dealt with Member States, civil society and neighborhoods across all regions to operationalize an International Strategy to cover the five key pillars for enhancing SRHR:

- enhancing antenatal, perinatal, postpartum and newborn care

- offering household planning services

- removing unsafe abortion

- fighting sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

- promoting sexual health.

Resolution WHA57.12 further informed SRHR policies and assisting files in several areas and Member States. For example, Latin America's 2013 Montevideo Consensus and Africa's Maputo Strategy from 2016 (structure upon the original 2006 plan) both include language and ideas strengthening and supporting SRHR.

" The global method is the fundamental policy file that centres WHO's required for sexual and reproductive health to date," said Dr Pascale Allotey, Director of the UN Special Programme on Human Reproduction (HRP) and WHO's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health. "The text stays essential in adding to assisting research study top priorities and dealing with nations to establish helpful resources to guarantee thorough SRHR across the life course."

Significant progress has been made over the last twenty years within each of the five pillars, including these examples.

- The Global technique happened as the world was reeling from the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Today, the variety of people getting HIV has fallen by 38% considering that 2010 alone, due in part to the Strategy's focus on getting rid of STIs including HIV.

- Since March 2022, 60% of WHO Member States have actually consisted of the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) in their routine immunization schedules, significantly advancing efforts to remove cervical cancer as a public health hazard.

- Prioritizing family preparation services and birth control gain access to resulted in WHO's Family preparation: a global handbook for companies referral guide, which has been disseminated over a million times. Accordingly, the percentage of ladies using contemporary contraceptive approaches increased from 467 million in 1990 to 874 million in 2022, while a larger variety of contraceptive options is now available.


A 2020 research study discovered that there has actually been an around the world decrease in unexpected pregnancy. Furthermore, evidence-based medical abortion regimens have enhanced global access to abortion, and over 60 nations have liberalized abortion laws in the previous thirty years in line with proof on the significance of such efforts to make sure the health of females and teen women.

Professor Kate Gilmore, co-chair of the Gender and Human Rights Advisory Panel of HRP, the Strategy and WHO for helping create essential scientific proof on SRHR that has added to some of these shifts. "Some of the excellent advances that we have actually seen - consisting of the method civil society has actually taken up the cause to argue for access to safe and legal abortion - are because of the Strategy and the organized generation of proof over these previous twenty years," she stated.

Despite early gains, nevertheless, current years have seen signs of stagnation. From 2000 to 2020, the maternal death rate visited 34% worldwide - but a 2023 report discovered that progress has actually largely stalled considering that. The uneasy trend was highlighted throughout a current event showcasing international datasets on the development of SRHR given that ICPD. High maternal death rates continue a couple of nations and sexual health issues, such as endometriosis, infertility and sexual erectile dysfunction, are frequently neglected or normalized.

Dr Allotey and Dr Manjulaa Narasimhan, researcher at WHO and HRP, kept in mind in a recent commentary in the WHO Bulletin that the SRHR agenda stays unfinished and in some instances has regressed due to geopolitical tensions, financial slumps, the international food crisis, climate modification, humanitarian crises and COVID-19.

There are emerging opportunities to catalyse development - for example, by enhancing human rights-based approaches in SRHR and embedding principles like non-discrimination, including in crisis scenarios. Improving health systems with a main health-care method can improve equity and broaden access to thorough SRHR services. New technologies and alternative service delivery techniques can enhance SRHR by broadening gain access to, choice and autonomy.

Other future-looking focus areas within SRHR consist of research on the transformative function of expert system and innovative contraception approaches, additional work on strengthening health systems, and the enduring prioritization of favorable pregnancy and childbirth experiences.

At a more comprehensive level, Dr Allotey required a continued emphasis on the fundamental significance of SRHR. "Sexual and reproductive health should never ever be relegated to the margins of healthcare, but acknowledged as critical for the overall wellness of people and the neighborhoods in which they live," she stated.