Sexual and Reproductive Health for All: 20 Years of The Global Strategy > 자유게시판

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Thirty years back, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), held in Cairo, Egypt, underscored the right of all individuals to achieve the greatest standard of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). In 2004, WHO published a technique - ratified by 191 Member States at the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly - that strengthened the centrality of SRHR to societies and economies (Resolution WHA57.12). These structures are grounded in gender equality and recognize the unchanging value of sexual health in accomplishing health for all.

WHO scientists worked with Member States, civil society and communities across all regions to operationalize a Global Strategy to cover the 5 key pillars for improving SRHR:

- enhancing antenatal, perinatal, postpartum and newborn care

- supplying family planning services

- removing unsafe abortion

- fighting sexually sent infections (STIs).

- promoting sexual health.

Resolution WHA57.12 further notified SRHR policies and guiding documents in a number of regions and Member States. For example, Latin America's 2013 Montevideo Consensus and Africa's Maputo Plan of Action from 2016 (structure upon the original 2006 plan) both include language and ideas enhancing and upholding SRHR.

" The worldwide strategy is the foundational policy file that centres WHO's required for sexual and reproductive health to date," said Dr Pascale Allotey, Director of the UN Special Programme on Human Reproduction (HRP) and WHO's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health. "The text stays crucial in contributing to assisting research top priorities and working with nations to establish helpful resources to make sure extensive SRHR across the life course."

Significant progress has been made over the last twenty years within each of the 5 pillars, consisting of these examples.

- The Global method came about as the world was reeling from the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Today, the number of individuals obtaining HIV has actually fallen by 38% considering that 2010 alone, due in part to the Strategy's focus on removing STIs including HIV.

- Since March 2022, 60% of WHO Member States have actually included the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) in their routine immunization schedules, greatly advancing efforts to remove cervical cancer as a public health threat.

- Prioritizing family preparation services and birth control access caused WHO's Family planning: a worldwide handbook for providers referral guide, which has actually been shared over a million times. Accordingly, the proportion of women utilizing contemporary contraceptive techniques increased from 467 million in 1990 to 874 million in 2022, while a broader variety of contraceptive alternatives is now readily available.


A 2020 research study discovered that there has been a worldwide decline in unintended pregnancy. Furthermore, evidence-based medical abortion programs have enhanced global access to abortion, and over 60 nations have actually liberalized abortion laws in the past thirty years in line with proof on the value of such efforts to guarantee the health of women and adolescent women.

Professor Kate Gilmore, co-chair of the Gender and Human Rights Advisory Panel of HRP, credited the Strategy and WHO for helping create essential clinical evidence on SRHR that has actually added to a few of these shifts. "Some of the great advances that we have actually seen - consisting of the way civil society has actually taken up the cause to argue for access to safe and legal abortion - are due to the Strategy and the organized generation of evidence over these previous 2 decades," she said.

Despite early gains, however, current years have seen signs of stagnancy. From 2000 to 2020, the maternal death rate come by 34% worldwide - but a 2023 report discovered that progress has actually mainly stalled given that. The uneasy trend was highlighted during a current occasion showcasing international datasets on the evolution of SRHR because ICPD. High maternal death rates continue a couple of nations and sexual health concerns, such as endometriosis, infertility and sexual erectile dysfunction, are typically neglected or stabilized.

Dr Allotey and Dr Manjulaa Narasimhan, researcher at WHO and HRP, kept in mind in a current commentary in the WHO Bulletin that the SRHR agenda remains unfinished and in some instances has actually fallen back due to geopolitical stress, economic declines, the global food crisis, climate modification, humanitarian crises and COVID-19.

There are emerging chances to catalyse development - for example, by enhancing human rights-based methods in SRHR and embedding concepts like non-discrimination, including in crisis scenarios. Improving health systems with a primary health-care method can improve equity and broaden access to thorough SRHR services. New innovations and alternative service shipment methods can improve SRHR by expanding access, option and autonomy.

Other future-looking focus areas within SRHR consist of research study on the transformative role of synthetic intelligence and innovative contraception approaches, additional work on reinforcing health systems, and the enduring prioritization of positive pregnancy and giving birth experiences.

At a wider level, Dr Allotey required an ongoing emphasis on the foundational significance of SRHR. "Sexual and reproductive health should never ever be relegated to the margins of health care, but acknowledged as important for the total wellness of individuals and the communities in which they live," she said.