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ADHD and Anxiety Medication

People suffering from ADHD typically suffer from co-occurring anxiety disorders. Anxiety can cause restlessness, anxiety, and insomnia.

The use of stimulants can ease symptoms, but they can cause adverse effects, such as tics or small growth reductions in children and adolescents. In addition, some people experience anxiety-related issues when taking stimulant medications.

Stimulants

Stimulants are drugs that are used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. They are also popular among recreational drug users as stimulants and performance-enhancing substances because of their ability to increase energy, alertness and focus. You can find them in the form of capsules, tablets or chunky crystals. They can also be found in brown or white dust. In large doses, they can cause over-stimulation, resulting in anxiety, panic, stomach cramps, aggression and paranoia. Long-term use of stimulants can also lead to addiction and serious side effects, such as heart problems high blood pressure, heart problems and stroke.

These medications are also proven to reduce anxiety symptoms. They work by increasing the amount of brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine, which tend to be lower in people with ADHD. This boosts activity and communication between parts of the brain that regulate the executive and attention functions. This results in increased impulse control and anxiety symptoms diminishing.

Studies have shown that both atomoxetine and the methylphenidate reduce anxiety symptoms in adults suffering from ADHD and comorbid anxiety disorders. Both drugs showed improvement in anxiety symptoms as early as the 4th week of treatment. The benefit lasted for 8 weeks.

It is important to remember that the kind of medication that will be most effective in treating anxiety and ADHD symptoms that co-occur could depend on which disorder is more detrimental to a person’s quality of living. For instance, a person might be prone to frequent anxious mini-crises on a daily basis when they have to schedule appointments or to stay on top of projects for school or work. These can be distressing and can cause anxiety more frequently than symptoms of panic attacks or fear.

In these situations the antidepressants, or SSRIs are the best option to treat anxiety-related symptoms. These drugs have been proven to be effective at reducing anxiety levels in adults. They are typically taken orally and may take a bit longer to work, but the most popular options are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Sertraline and Fluoxetine, and serotonin and ADHD and Anxiety Medication norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like venlafaxine and duloxetine. These drugs can be used together with cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety. They are particularly useful when a patient is suffering from a racing or elevated heart rate.

SSRIs

SSRIs are antidepressants are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders. The first drug in this category is fluoxetine, more commonly known as Prozac. The SSRIs are also able to treat depression, obsessive compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. They are more versatile than earlier generation antidepressants, and they are less likely to cause serious adverse effects.

The SSRIs inhibit serotonin reuptake at synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter within the synapse to stay active and communicate with the post synaptic cells more than is the case with other neurotransmitters. This can increase norepinephrine output which reduces anxiety symptoms. It can also increase the levels of neuronal cyclicAMP (cAMP), stimulating the synthesis of proteins.

In addition, the SSRIs can reduce impulsivity and decrease hyperactivity. They also can improve sleep quality and decrease agitation in people with ADHD. However, these drugs can increase the risk of suicidal ideas and behaviors in some individuals. They also can increase appetite and weight gain when they first begin.

The SNRIs are a distinct type of antidepressant compared to SSRIs. SNRIs block the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Similar to SSRIs they may affect anxiety, but they also improve the functioning of the heart muscle and the blood vessels, which can decrease anxiety and stress. People who suffer from bipolar disorder may benefit from their use.

Duloxetine (Cymbalta), venlafaxine, (Effexor XR, Pristiq) and desvenlafaxine are the most popular SNRIs. The SNRIs may raise blood pressure in some people, so they should not be taken by anyone with high blood pressure or cardiovascular disease.

There are many behavioral treatments for anxiety and ADHD that can be used in conjunction with medication. Mindfulness practices can be helpful in reducing stress and anxiety as can yoga and meditation. Some people find tapping specific body parts or Emotional Freedom techniques helps reduce cortisol which is the hormone responsible for anxiety. Exercise and diet can help reduce anxiety. Your doctor can recommend eating a diet that is based on whole grains, fruits and vegetables and avoiding sugar, which can cause anxiety in some ADHD children and adults.

Non-stimulant based medicines

Although stimulants are extremely effective in treating ADHD and have been studied extensively, they are not always the best option for those with anxiety disorders and ADHD. Stimulant medication for inattentive adhd can cause negative side effects, such as anxiety and jitteriness. These symptoms can be similar to or worsen symptoms of anxiety.

non medication treatment for adhd adults-stimulant drugs are a more recent option that has been used to treat ADHD since 2002 (under the brand name Strattera). They do not increase heart rate or blood pressure, and they are less likely to suffer anxiety-related adverse effects like shaking, sweating, or nervousness.

Atomoxetine targets receptors for the brain chemical norepinephrine and can help improve attention and reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity. Studies have also proven that it can effectively improve anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD. Researchers gathered clinical papers from PubMed EMBASE PsycINFO and PsycINFO to determine if atomoxetine decreased anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD.

Another drug that can be effective in helping with anxiety symptoms is bupropion which targets the brain chemical dopamine. Bupropion is often advised for people who suffer from coexisting depression and ADHD. It can also help improve mood and decrease symptoms of anxiety. It is generally recommended to investigate and treat the root cause of anxiety before treating the generic adhd medications since it can help to alleviate anxiety symptoms.

In some instances, anxiety symptoms in ADHD children may be the cause of their anxiety. The most effective method of treating anxiety in these circumstances is usually cognitive-behavioral therapies and psychostimulants. These treatments can reduce ADHD symptoms and anxiety by addressing the root cause of the problem.

Antidepressants can also be prescribed to those who have ADHD and anxiety. SSRI antidepressants, which attack serotonin, a brain chemical, can help to relieve anxiety symptoms and improve mood. Examples include Zoloft Lexapro and Sertraline.

Your doctor will ultimately decide what medication is best for you. They will take a look at your lifestyle, symptoms and age, as well as other health issues before suggesting any medication. It is very important to discuss your goals for treatment with your doctor and adhere to a regular schedule when taking any medication.

Other options

Other treatment options could be beneficial in managing ADHD or anxiety, based on your health goals. These include mindfulness yoga, meditation yoga, yoga, tapping (Emotional Freedom Techniques) sleep and nutrition, as well as exercise and healthy eating habits.

People with anxiety are more likely to develop symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Dr. Hallowell says, which can make it challenging to treat both disorders simultaneously. He prescribes stimulants to treat ADHD first, then non medication treatment for adhd-stimulant medications such as bupropion or atomoxetine to treat anxiety disorders. These medications work 24 hours a day and are not controlled substances as stimulants are.